[Application of VWF Antigen and Activity Testing Based on ABO Blood Group in Risk Assessment of Deep Vein Thrombosis]

To explore the clinical value of plasma von Willebrand factor antigen (VWF:Ag) and VWF activity (VWF:GPIbM) based on ABO blood group in the risk assessment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT).

A total of 163 patients with DVT who sought medical treatment from March 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the case group, and 135 healthy volunteers during the same period were selected as the control group. The differences of ABO blood groups, plasma VWF:Ag and VWF:GPIbM levels between the two groups were compared. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the clinical value of VWF testing in predicting DVT events. Logistic regression analysis was applied to identify risk factors for DVT.

The levels of plasma VWF:Ag and VWF:GPIbM in the DVT group were significantly higher than those in the control group both overall and across ABO blood type subgroups (P < 0.01). Within the DVT group, the levels of plasma VWF:Ag and VWF:GPIbM in patients with non-O blood type were significantly higher than those with blood type O [VWF:Ag: 219.74%±63.64% vs 162.21%±56.03%, P < 0.01; VWF:GPIbM: 228.10% (185.15%, 249.10%) vs 148.25% (116.48%, 225.48%), P < 0.01]. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of VWF:Ag for predicting DVT events was 0.855, with a cut-off value of 142.4%, sensitivity of 82.2% and specificity of 72.6%; the AUC of VWF:GPIbM was 0.861, with a cut-off value of 141.2%, sensitivity of 84.7%, and specificity of 71.1%. Univariate analysis showed that both VWF:Ag and VWF:GPIbM were influencing factors for DVT events (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that VWF:Ag>142.4% (OR=13.961, 95%CI : 7.654-25.464, P < 0.01) and VWF:GPIbM>141.2% (OR =17.615, 95%CI : 9.155-33.892, P < 0.01) were independent risk factors for DVT events.

Levels of VWF:Ag and VWF:GPIbM are significantly elevated in non-O blood type DVT patients. VWF:Ag>142.4% and VWF:GPIbM>141.2% are independent risk factors for DVT events. VWF testing based on ABO blood group aids in the precision prevention and control of DVT.