[The Distribution Characteristics of Multiple Antigens of Rh Blood Group System and Precise Transfusion Strategy in...

To analyze the multi antigen distribution characteristics of Rh blood group system in Shunde area of Guangdong Province, explore the feasibility of Rh phenotype compatible blood transfusion for blood recipients in this area, and formulate the precise blood transfusion strategies.

From June 2022 to December 2024, 113 226 hospitalized patients scheduled for blood transfusion in Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University and 30 832 blood donors' blood samples provided by Shunde central blood station in the same period were detected for ABO blood group and Rh phenotype by microcolumn gel method, and the Rh phenotype data of the recipients and blood donors were compared and analyzed.

Among 113 226 blood samples, 112 963 cases (99.77%) were RhD positive, with CCDee (54.96%) and CcDEe (28.21%) phenotypes being the main phenotypes; 263 cases (0.23%) were RhD negative, with ccDee (50.19%) and CcDee (36.88%) as the main phenotype. Among 30 832 blood donor samples, CCDee (54.65%) and CcDEe (27.93%) were the main phenotypes of Rh phenotype with RhD positive. The positive rates of D, C, c, E and e antigens of blood recipients and blood donors were in the same order from high to low D>e>C>c>E. The frequency of e antigen in RhD positive recipients with different ABO blood groups was statistically different from that of blood donors (P <0.05), while there was no statistical difference in the other four antigens (P >0.05), the distribution of ccDEe phenotypes was statistically different (P <0.05), but there was no statistical difference in the distribution of other eight phenotypes (P >0.05). In RhD positive recipients, the probability of finding compatible blood for phenotype CcDEe was 100%, the probability of finding compatible blood for phenotype CCDee, CCDEe and DcDee was 54%-65%, and the probability of finding compatible blood for other phenotypes was less than 10%. Providing blood with CCDee and ccDEE phenotypes according to Rh blood matching scheme can meet the needs of more than 99% of patients with 9 Rh phenotype compatible blood transfusion in this region.

Rh phenotype detection should be carried out for hospitalized patients to be transfused, and the precise transfusion strategy of Rh phenotype isotype or compatibility should be implemented to make the transfusion treatment of patients more safe and reliable.