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Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential

Published on: May 25, 2020

Early Pointwise Sensitivity Fluctuation Predicts Glaucoma Progression.

Jayter Silva Paula, Denny Marcos Garcia, Yuri Ribeiro Carneiro

Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences

|January 8, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Greater early pointwise visual field (VF) sensitivity fluctuation independently predicts localized glaucoma progression. This functional variability highlights underlying instability, suggesting VF fluctuation as a potential clinical trial endpoint.

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Published on: February 15, 2022

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Glaucoma Research
Visual Field Analysis

Background:

Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by vision loss.
Localized progression in glaucoma is challenging to predict.
Pointwise visual field (VF) sensitivity fluctuation may indicate early instability.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the relationship between pointwise VF sensitivity fluctuation and localized glaucoma progression.
To determine if early functional variability predicts future vision loss.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of prospective cohort data from the African Descent and Glaucoma Evaluation Study (ADAGES).
Evaluated VF fluctuation using pointwise standard deviation (SD) of total deviation (TD) residuals in the early 30-month period.
Defined pointwise progression as confirmed sensitivity loss >7 dB at each location.

Main Results:

5.8% of VF points showed progression over 12.2 years; progression was higher in glaucoma patients.
Progressive points exhibited greater early fluctuation (1.75 dB) than non-progressive points (1.14 dB).
Higher early fluctuation and faster early slopes were significantly associated with progression in multivariable models.

Conclusions:

Greater early pointwise VF fluctuation independently predicts future localized glaucoma progression.
Early functional variability reflects underlying local instability in the visual field.
Pointwise VF fluctuation is a potential predictor of glaucoma progression and a viable endpoint for clinical trials.