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LAG-3 antagonists for cancer treatment: an updated patent review (2020-2025)
Martín Pérez-Santos1, Gerardo Landeta1, Maricruz Anaya-Ruiz2
1Dirección de Innovación y Transferencia de Conocimiento, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México.
Introduction:
LAG-3 is a molecule overexpressed on the surface of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the tumor microenvironment that prevents T-cell activation and production of IL-2 and IFN-γ.
Areas Covered:
Using the patent databases of the State Patent and Trademark Office, the European Patent Office, the World Intellectual Property Organization, the Japanese Patent Office, the State Intellectual Property Office of China, and the Korean Intellectual Property Office, a detailed patent landscape of LAG-3 antagonists was generated, categorizing them as monospecific anti-LAG-3 antibodies, multispecific anti-LAG-3 antibodies, LAG-3 binding peptides, LAG-3 binding small molecules, and LAG-3 therapeutics.
Expert Opinion:
The trend shows that monospecific antibodies against LAG-3 continue to be the main antagonists, followed by multispecific t, treatment methods using known LAG-3 antagonists, LAG-3 binding peptides, and LAG-3 binding small molecules. The monospecific antibodies encelimab, miptenalimab, and the bispecific antibodies tobemstomig, IBI323, ABL501, fanastomig, and FS118 are added, during this period, to the potential drugs targeting LAG-3.
Insights
The patent landscape reveals that monospecific antibodies are the leading LAG-3 antagonists, with several new drugs like encelimab and miptenalimab emerging. This highlights ongoing advancements in targeting Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) for cancer therapy.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Intellectual Property Law
Background:
- Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is overexpressed on tumor-infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ cells.
- LAG-3 inhibits T-cell activation and the production of crucial cytokines like IL-2 and IFN-γ.
Purpose of the Study:
- To generate a comprehensive patent landscape analysis of Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3) antagonists.
- To categorize and identify emerging therapeutic strategies targeting LAG-3.
Main Methods:
- A systematic search of patent databases including USPTO, EPO, WIPO, JPO, SIPO, and KIPO.
- Categorization of LAG-3 antagonists into monospecific antibodies, multispecific antibodies, peptides, and small molecules.
Main Results:
- Monospecific anti-LAG-3 antibodies represent the dominant class of antagonists.
- Several new monospecific (encelimab, miptenalimab) and bispecific antibodies (e.g., tobemstomig, IBI323) have been patented.
- The patent landscape also includes LAG-3 binding peptides and small molecules.
Conclusions:
- Monospecific antibodies remain the primary focus for LAG-3 antagonism development.
- The identified antibodies and other therapeutics show significant potential for novel cancer treatments targeting the tumor microenvironment.
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