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Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
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Quorum-Sensing Inhibitors as Potential Antibacterial Agents Against Staphylococcus aureus: A Comprehensive Review.

Shrestha Palit1, Bharat Kumar Reddy Sanapalli2, Sharon Blessy Manda2

  • 1School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS), Deemed-to-be-University, Hyderabad, India.

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Quorum-sensing inhibitors (QSIs) show promise in combating antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by disrupting bacterial communication. Further research is needed to address challenges for clinical application.

Keywords:
Agr systemStaphylococcus aureusantibacterial resistancequorum sensing

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen causing diverse infections, often exhibiting antibiotic resistance.
  • Traditional antimicrobial therapies are becoming less effective, driving the need for novel treatment strategies.
  • Quorum-sensing inhibitors (QSIs) offer a potential approach by targeting bacterial communication systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review natural and synthetic QSIs targeting Staphylococcus aureus.
  • To examine their mechanisms of action, efficacy in vitro and in vivo, and synergy with antibiotics.
  • To assess the therapeutic potential and challenges of QS inhibition against S. aureus.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.
  • Adherence to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines.
  • Analysis of QSIs' impact on S. aureus pathogenicity, particularly the accessory gene regulator (Agr) system.

Main Results:

  • QSIs demonstrate significant potential in disrupting S. aureus pathogenicity and virulence.
  • The accessory gene regulator (Agr) system is a key target for QSIs.
  • QSIs can potentially enhance the efficacy of conventional antibiotics.

Conclusions:

  • QS inhibition presents a promising alternative therapeutic strategy against Staphylococcus aureus infections.
  • Challenges related to QSI bioavailability, selectivity, and translation to clinical practice require further investigation.
  • Further development of QSIs could offer a new avenue to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria.