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Related Concept Videos

Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In vitro01:16

Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In vitro

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In vitro experiments are crucial for understanding the transport and absorption of drugs through biological materials. These studies employ varied methods such as the diffusion cell method, the everted sac technique, and the everted ring technique.
The diffusion cell method uses a two-compartment cell, including a donor compartment with the drug solution, which simulates the environment where the drug is applied, and a receptor compartment with a buffer solution, which simulates the environment...
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Comprehensive Metabolite Profiling and Enzyme Inhibitory Potential of Psidium guajava L. Hydro Alcoholic Extract: An

Neeta Pathaw1, Keithellakpam Ojit Singh1, Laikangbam Lamyanba1

  • 1BRIC-Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development (BRIC-IBSD), Department of Biotechnology, Imphal, India.

Chemistry & Biodiversity
|January 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Guava extract (PGHE) shows significant potential for lowering blood glucose by inhibiting key enzymes. Phytochemical analysis reveals bioactive compounds like ellagic acid, validating its traditional antidiabetic use.

Keywords:
HPTLCdockingenzyme inhibitionflavonoidsphenolics

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Area of Science:

  • Phytochemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Psidium guajava L. (guava) is traditionally used for gastrointestinal ailments and blood glucose regulation.
  • Understanding the scientific basis of its antidiabetic properties requires detailed phytochemical and functional analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the phytochemical composition, in vitro antioxidant capacity, and antidiabetic properties of a hydroalcoholic extract of Psidium guajava L. (PGHE).
  • To investigate the in vitro enzyme inhibition and in silico molecular interactions related to glucose metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) content.
  • Metabolite profiling using LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS and HPTLC.
  • In vitro antioxidant assays, enzyme inhibition assays (α-glucosidase, α-amylase), and molecular docking studies.

Main Results:

  • PGHE yielded 6.16% and exhibited high TPC (147.2 mg GAE/g) and TFC (70 mg QUE/g).
  • LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS identified 555 metabolites, including quercetin, ellagic acid, and gallic acid.
  • PGHE demonstrated potent antioxidant activity and significant inhibition of α-glucosidase (IC50 = 53.32 µg/mL) and α-amylase (IC50 = 79.28 µg/mL).
  • Molecular docking indicated ellagic acid has superior binding affinity to α-amylase compared to acarbose.

Conclusions:

  • The study validates the glucose-lowering potential of guava through in vitro and in silico methods.
  • The identified bioactive compounds and their interactions provide a scientific basis for guava's traditional antidiabetic applications.