Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 7, 2026

Indirect Immunofluorescence on Frozen Sections of Mouse Mammary Gland
Published on: December 1, 2015
Hyperoside Alleviates Free Fatty Acid-Induced Inflammatory Damage and Tight Junction Disruption in Mammary Epithelial
Taiyu Shen1, Shijie Xia1, Yihui Huo1
1State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Abstract:
Ketosis correlates with increased mastitis risk, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 1 (NFE2L1) regulates inflammatory responses, and hyperoside (Hyp) exerts anti-inflammatory/antioxidant effects. However, whether NFE2L1 participates in the Hyp-mediated protection of mammary epithelial cells remains unclear. We investigated Hyp's mechanism against high-concentration free fatty acid (FFA)-induced damage via NFE2L1. Clinical ketotic cows showed reduced mammary NFE2L1, zona occludens 1 (ZO-1), occludin, claudin 1, and elevated levels of interleukin (IL)-1B and IL-6. FFAs downregulated NFE2L1, ZO-1, occludin, and activated inflammatory signaling, which Hyp (20 μM) reversed. NFE2L1 silencing abolished Hyp's protective effects. Overall, these data suggested that Hyp may serve as a promising therapeutic agent to counteract inflammation and maintain barrier integrity in the mammary tissue of clinical ketotic cows, with its efficacy dependent on NFE2L1.
Related Concept Videos
Necrosis
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
Radical Autoxidation
Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
Overview of Lipid Metabolism
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
Bioactivation and Tissue Toxicity
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

