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Interface Reaction in Core-Shell Boron-FeF3: Direct Observation of Gas Release and Oxide Removal during Combustion.
Lei Yang1, Yuan Qin1, Gabriel Lopez1
1University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|January 8, 2026
Summary
We developed FeF3·xH2O-coated boron nanoparticles to enhance combustion. This coating significantly lowers ignition temperature and boosts the performance of 3D-printed thermite composites.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Chemical Engineering
- Combustion Science
Background:
- Boron nanoparticles are high-energy fuels but their combustion is hindered by a B2O3 surface oxide layer.
- Developing effective strategies to improve boron combustion is crucial for advanced energetic materials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To enhance the ignition and combustion performance of boron-based nanoenergetics.
- To investigate the effects of a novel fluorinated coating on boron nanoparticles and thermite composites.
Main Methods:
- Synthesized FeF3·xH2O-coated boron nanoparticles (B@FeF3·xH2O) using a one-pot method.
- Incorporated coated nanoparticles into 3D-printed thermite composites.
- Utilized thermogravimetric analysis, T-jump ignition testing, digital inline holography, color pyrometry, and T-jump time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
Main Results:
- The FeF3·xH2O coating reduced the onset temperature of boron oxidation by over 70 °C.
- Combustion regression rates of 3D-printed thermites increased by up to 55%.
- Observed violent droplet explosions and confirmed HF and BF2 evolution, indicating BF3 gas generation and B2O3 removal.
Conclusions:
- Fluorinated coatings effectively enhance boron combustion by etching the oxide layer and promoting gas expansion.
- This approach offers mechanistic insights and a strategic pathway for improving boron-based nanomaterials.
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