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The social-ecological framework for understanding intimate partner violence.
Brian G Ogolsky1, Jennifer L Hardesty1, Maya L Carter1
1University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, USA.
Current Opinion in Psychology
|January 8, 2026
Summary
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a complex issue influenced by individual, relational, community, and societal factors. Addressing IPV requires comprehensive, interdisciplinary strategies that consider this multilayered social-ecological context.
Area of Science:
- Social Sciences
- Public Health
- Criminology
Background:
- Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant public health concern with complex determinants.
- Existing research often examines IPV in isolation, neglecting its multifaceted nature.
Purpose of the Study:
- To apply the social-ecological framework to comprehensively understand intimate partner violence (IPV).
- To identify and integrate individual, relational, community, and sociocultural factors contributing to IPV.
Main Methods:
- This study utilizes a social-ecological framework to analyze IPV.
- It synthesizes existing research across multiple levels of influence.
Main Results:
- Individual factors (trauma, mental health, personality) and relational dynamics (power, control, abuse) significantly impact IPV risk.
- Community factors (disadvantage, institutional failures) and sociocultural elements (gender norms, inequality) perpetuate IPV.
- IPV is a multilayered phenomenon requiring integrated analysis across ecological levels.
Conclusions:
- A comprehensive understanding of IPV necessitates examining its complex interplay across individual, relational, community, and societal levels.
- Effective prevention and intervention strategies must be interdisciplinary, culturally informed, and context-specific.
- Addressing the root causes of IPV requires tackling structural inequalities and societal norms.
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