The three-factor model of psychopathic traits: Analyses using undirected and Bayesian network modeling

Psychopathic traits have attracted increasing research interest due to their associations with antisocial behaviors and emotional dysfunctions; however, their structure and defining characteristics remain debated. This study investigated the network architecture of psychopathic traits-operationalized using the three-factor model-by applying regularized partial correlation network (RPCN) and Bayesian network analyses to data from 13,807 adults (50.5 % male) recruited via cluster convenience sampling. Psychopathic traits were assessed using the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (LSRP). Results showed that the three-factor model demonstrated a better fit to the data than the two-factor structure. In the RPCN, central nodes included Moral Decay, Materialism, and Lack of Guilt within the Egocentricity and Callousness communities. Furthermore, Interpersonal Manipulation functioned as a critical bridge node, connecting different communities. Bayesian network analysis further identified Moral Decay and Lack of Persistence as upstream parent nodes, statistically predicting broad downstream features within the network. These findings highlight the distinct clustering within the three-factor model of psychopathic traits, where Egocentricity and Callousness (specifically Moral Decay and Lack of Guilt) emerged as critical components maintaining the overall structure. This study provides valuable insights into the network structure of psychopathic traits and offers theoretical support for targeted educational strategies focusing on moral affect and interpersonal skills in the general population.