[Effects of dietary patterns and enterotypes on frailty-related metabolic indicators in elderly diabetics]

To analyze the effects of dietary patterns and enterotypes on frailty-related metabolic indicators, specifically glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c), in elderly diabetic patients.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 72 diabetic patients aged 65 years and older from Liyang City, Jiangsu Province, and Wuyuan County, Bayannur City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Data collected included basic information, dietary intake, HbA1c levels, and fecal samples analyzed via 16S rDNA sequencing. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the impact of dietary patterns and enterotypes on elevated HbA1c. Additive models were employed to assess interaction effects.

After adjusting for gender, age, residence location, body mass index, and blood glucose management method, Logistic regression analysis revealed that: A dietary pattern characterized by low intake of soybeans and soy products, fresh vegetables, red meat, and poultry was a risk factor for elevated HbA1c in the participants(OR=3.4, 95%CI 1.1-10.6, P<0.05). The Prevotella-dominant enterotype was a protective factor against elevated HbA1c(OR=0.2, 95%CI 0.1-0.8, P<0.05). Interaction analysis of risk factors for elevated HbA1c showed no additive interaction between dietary pattern and enterotype.

A dietary pattern featuring low intake of soybeans and soy products, fresh vegetables, red meat, and poultry is a risk factor for elevated HbA1c in elderly diabetics, while the Prevotella-dominant enterotype is a protective factor against elevated HbA1c.