[Research progress in oligosaccharide composition in tonic drugs and its efficacy]

Oligosaccharides are low-molecular-weight polymers composed of monosaccharides. They are widely present in tonic herbs and are important active ingredients of tonic herbs. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that oligosaccharides have a variety of pharmacological effects such as antidepressant, antitumor, and immunomodulatory functions. In recent years, with the progress of analytical techniques and pharmacological evaluation techniques, as well as the emphasis placed by the state on general health, research on the composition, structure, and activity of oligosaccharides in tonic traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has attracted extensive attention from scholars in China and abroad. In particular, significant progress has been made in the research on oligosaccharides in tonic herbs such as Panax ginseng, Morinda officinalis, and Codonopsis pilosula. This article reviewed the composition features, structural characteristics, pharmacological effects, and quality control research of oligosaccharides in tonic TCM such as Panax ginseng, aiming to provide references for promoting further research on the structure-activity relationship and quality control of oligosaccharides in TCM.