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Published on: December 7, 2018
Developmental Disturbances of Teeth in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-deficit Hyperactivity
Sushmita Shan1, Kavitha Swaminathan1, K Vivek1
1Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Purpose:
Developmental disturbances of teeth in children with neurodevelopmental disorders like autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can significantly impact their oral health. Children with these disorders show behavior and cognitive impairment. Both the disorders are associated with environmental, genetic, and systemic factors that can impact odontogenesis. Although dental anomalies have been reported in children with neurodevelopmental disorders, the frequency and distribution of these disturbances remain insufficiently studied in children with ASD and ADHD, especially in comparison to their neurotypical peers. The study aims to determine and compare the frequency and distribution of developmental dental disturbances in children with ASD and ADHD and neurotypical children.
Materials And Methods:
A total of 673 children in Chennai, aged 3-13, were included in this cross-sectional study. Demographic data and oral examinations were recorded after obtaining informed consent. Statistical analysis included Chi-squared test. A p -value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results:
Children with ASD and ADHD had a significantly higher prevalence of developmental disturbances of teeth (51.6%) compared to controls (22.6%). Anomalies such as hypodontia, peg-shaped laterals, talon's cusp, and enamel hypoplasia had higher prevalence in the case group than in the control group.
Conclusion:
Developmental dental abnormalities are more prevalent in children with ASD and ADHD than in neurotypical peers. These findings emphasize the need for early dental screening and interdisciplinary management to address systemic, genetic, and environmental factors influencing odontogenesis.
How To Cite This Article:
Shan S, Swaminathan K, Vivek K, et al. Developmental Disturbances of Teeth in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(S-1):S80-S85.
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