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Relationship Between Facial Parameters and Mandibular Third Molar Impactions: A Radiographic Cross-Sectional Study.
Rohit Breh1, Shitun Sarangi2, Rama Shankar3
1Orthodontics, Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur, IND.
Cureus
|January 9, 2026
Summary
Cephalometric analysis can predict mandibular third molar impaction. Specific facial angles and lengths correlate with impaction types, aiding in early identification of eruption potential.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Radiology
Background:
- Mandibular third molar impaction is a common dental anomaly.
- It can lead to complications like pericoronitis and dental crowding.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlation between cephalometric parameters and third molar impaction types.
- To assess the potential of cephalometric analysis in predicting third molar eruption.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 244 patients (132 female, 112 male).
- Radiographic analysis using Orthopantomograms and lateral cephalograms.
- Evaluation of Winter's classification and cephalometric parameters (facial axis, mandibular plane angle, gonial angle, corpus length, effective mandibular length).
Main Results:
- Mesioangular impaction was the most frequent type.
- Winter's Class IV impactions were associated with reduced mandibular corpus length and increased gonial angle.
- Gender-specific findings included reduced corpus length in males and low facial axis in females with Class I impaction.
Conclusions:
- Cephalometric parameters offer valuable insights into third molar eruption potential.
- Lateral cephalograms can be utilized as predictive tools for identifying impaction risk.
