Assessing the Relationship Between the Eichner Index and Articular Eminence Inclination in Temporomandibular...

The articular eminence is essential for the proper functioning of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), guiding the movement of the mandibular condyle along its posterior slope. Changes in the inclination of the articular eminence (AEI) can occur as a result of tooth loss or aging. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between the AEI and the Eichner Index.

The study analyzed 162 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images from patients with TMJ dysfunction. These images were categorized into three groups (A, B, and C) according to the Eichner Index. The posterior surface of the AEI was measured using the top-roof line method. An ANOVA test was conducted to assess the relationship between the Eichner Index and AEI.

A statistically significant relationship has been found between the AEI and the Eichner Index (p = 0.005). Class C had a significantly lower inclination than Classes A and B.

This study revealed that tooth loss impacts the AEI, with patients who have more missing teeth exhibiting a significantly flatter AEI. To prevent morphological changes and potential future issues in the TMJ, it is essential to ensure proper dental care and maintain occlusal support for these patients.