New Drug Therapies Against Targeting Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Comprehensive Review

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Pharmacology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Neurodegenerative diseases cause significant cognitive, behavioral, and motor impairments, particularly in older adults.
• Current treatments for many neurodegenerative diseases are limited, with some lacking approved therapies.
• Recent drug approvals and ongoing clinical trials signal a new era in managing these complex conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in therapeutic targets and molecular treatments for primary neurodegenerative diseases.
• To examine in vivo and in vitro findings for novel drug candidates.
• To provide an overview of the current landscape of neurodegenerative disease drug development.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent scientific reports and clinical trial data.
• Analysis of therapeutic strategies targeting specific proteins like β-amyloid and α-synuclein.
• Evaluation of molecules tested in preclinical (in vitro, in vivo) models.

Main Results:

• New antibodies targeting β-amyloid show promise for Alzheimer's disease.
• Monoclonal antibodies and alkaloids are emerging as potential treatments for Parkinson's disease.
• Advancements in understanding α-synuclein and drug repositioning offer hope for Lewy body disease and others.

Conclusions:

• Emerging therapies, including antibodies and novel molecular targets, are transforming neurodegenerative disease treatment.
• Continued research into molecular mechanisms and drug development is crucial for addressing unmet needs.
• The review underscores a dynamic period of innovation in combating neurodegenerative disorders.