The rs1800470 Polymorphism of TGF-β1 Influences the Incidence of Peri-Implantitis

Peri-implantitis is a pathological condition occurring in tissues around dental implants. This study aims to analyse the effect of TGF-β1 rs1800470 polymorphism on peri-implantitis. A total of 160 patients with implants without peri-implantitis and 160 patients with peri-implantitis were recruited from the clinic for this study. The genotype of TGF-β1 rs1800470 and TGF-β1 expression were detected by TaqMan-qPCR and RT-qPCR, respectively. Distributions of genotypes and allele frequencies were analysed by the chi-square test. A Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) test was performed to detect whether the gene distribution was established. The diagnostic value of TGF-β1 for peri-implantitis was analysed by the ROC curve. TGF-β1 expression was significantly lower in peri-implantitis patients, which has diagnostic significance for peri-implantitis. TGF-β1 rs1800470 genotypic distribution conformed to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test. CT and TT genotypes were significantly correlated with the development of peri-implantitis (p = 0.004, OR = 2.107, 95% CI = 1.259-3.527). CT and TT genotypes were validated as causative genotypes for peri-implantitis. Polymorphisms at the TGF-β1 rs1800470 locus have an impact on the development of peri-implantitis, and CT and TT genotypes increase the risk of developing peri-implantitis.