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g-C3N4/CeO2/Bi2O3 Dual Type-II Heterojunction Photocatalysis Self-Cleaning Coatings: From Spectral Absorption

Shengchao Cui1, Run Cheng2, Feng Sun1

  • 1Field Engineering College, Army Engineering University of PLA, Nanjing 210001, China.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 9, 2026
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Summary

A novel g-C3N4/CeO2/Bi2O3 photocatalyst was developed for vehicle exhaust purification. This dual heterojunction coating effectively degrades pollutants on asphalt pavements, demonstrating excellent stability and road performance.

Keywords:
dual type-II heterojunction photocatalysisexhaust degradationg-C3N4/CeO2/Bi2O3self-cleaning coating

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Photocatalysis

Background:

  • Vehicle exhaust emissions pose significant environmental and health risks.
  • Efficient degradation of pollutants like HC, CO, CO2, and NOx is crucial for urban air quality.
  • Developing durable and effective photocatalytic materials for real-world applications is an ongoing challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and prepare a g-C3N4/CeO2/Bi2O3 dual type-II heterojunction photocatalyst.
  • To enhance electron-hole pair separation and visible light utilization for improved photocatalytic activity.
  • To evaluate the self-cleaning performance and road suitability of the developed photocatalyst on asphalt pavement.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a g-C3N4/CeO2/Bi2O3 dual type-II heterojunction photocatalyst.
  • Characterization of the heterojunction's structure, bandgap, and optical properties.
  • Application of the photocatalyst as a coating on asphalt pavement rut plates for real-road testing.
  • Assessment of exhaust degradation efficiency, hardness, adhesion, water resistance, freeze-thaw durability, and skid resistance.

Main Results:

  • The dual type-II heterojunction structure reduced the bandgap from 2.5 eV to 2.04 eV, enhancing visible light absorption.
  • Under natural light, purification efficiencies for HC, CO, CO2, and NOx reached 22.60%, 19.27%, 14.83%, and 50.01% respectively.
  • The photocatalyst demonstrated excellent stability, with high efficiencies maintained after multiple tests, and met China national standards for road performance.

Conclusions:

  • The g-C3N4/CeO2/Bi2O3 dual type-II heterojunction photocatalyst is effective in degrading vehicle exhaust pollutants.
  • The self-cleaning coating exhibits good durability and road performance, making it suitable for asphalt pavement applications.
  • This technology offers a promising strategy for environmental remediation in transportation infrastructure.