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Published on: June 26, 2018
Platelet-derived non-coding RNAs as emerging contributors to autoimmune inflammation
Amr Ali Mohamed Abdelgawwad El-Sehrawy1, Raed Obaid Saleh2, Abdullah Ali Alzahrani3
1Internal Medicine Department, Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. amr.a.m.a.elsehrawy@gmail.com.
Platelets release non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that regulate immune responses in autoimmune diseases. These platelet-derived ncRNAs show potential as diagnostic and therapeutic markers for conditions like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- Autoimmune disorders affect millions globally, characterized by immune responses targeting self-tissues.
- Platelets, traditionally known for hemostasis, are increasingly recognized as immune regulators.
- Platelets release non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are gene-regulatory molecules without protein-coding capacity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the role of platelet-derived ncRNAs in the immunopathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
- To explore the potential of these ncRNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic markers.
- To clarify the involvement of lncRNAs and ncRNA-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) from platelets.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed and Scopus databases.
- Keywords used: "platelet-derived ncRNAs," "autoimmunity," and "autoimmune diseases" (publications < 10 years old).
- Focus on understanding the mechanisms of ncRNA action in autoimmune conditions.
Main Results:
- Platelet-derived H19 (lncRNA) influences inflammation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
- ncRNAs and their exosomal cargos from platelets play a role in autoimmune disease pathogenesis.
- Challenges in detecting and characterizing ncRNAs due to size and complex regulation exist.
Conclusions:
- Platelet-derived ncRNAs represent a novel area for understanding autoimmune disease mechanisms.
- These ncRNAs offer promising avenues for developing new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
- Advanced technologies like next-generation sequencing and biosensors may overcome current detection challenges.
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