Adverse events following immunization (AEFI) with fractional one-fifth and one-half doses of yellow fever vaccine compared to standard dose in children 9-23 months old in Uganda, 2019-2022 - final report
These videos have been matched automatically. Contact us if they are not relevant.
These videos have been matched automatically. Contact us if they are not relevant.
View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.This study found yellow fever (YF) fractional vaccine doses to be safe in children aged 9-23 months, with no unexpected safety issues identified. Vaccine-related serious adverse events were rare, supporting fractional YF dosing in this age group.
Area Of Science
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Vaccinology
- Public health
Background
- The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a full dose of yellow fever (YF) vaccine for children under two years old due to limited safety data.
- Fractional YF vaccine doses are recommended for older age groups in outbreak settings to address vaccine shortages.
- A trial was conducted to assess the safety of fractional YF vaccine doses (1/2 and 1/5) compared to a full dose in young children.
Purpose Of The Study
- To compare the safety of fractional (1/2 and 1/5 doses) versus a full dose of the BioManguinhos 17DD YF vaccine in children aged 9-23 months.
- To present the final safety analysis of a single-blind randomized controlled trial evaluating YF vaccine dosing in young children.
Main Methods
- A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted with 1770 healthy children aged 9-23 months across three sites in Uganda.
- Active surveillance for adverse events following immunization (AEFI) was performed for 28 days post-vaccination, including diary cards and thermometers for 14 days.
- Serious adverse events (SAEs) were investigated by an independent committee from the Uganda AEFI committee.
Main Results
- Fever and diarrhea were the most common non-serious adverse events (NSAEs), reported by 34% of participants, peaking two days post-vaccination.
- Fever prevalence was higher in the full dose group compared to fractional dose groups.
- Thirty participants (1.7%) reported SAEs, with no significant difference between study arms; three SAEs were deemed vaccine product-related by the causality committee. Six deaths occurred, none vaccine-associated.
Conclusions
- The study found no unexpected safety concerns with either fractional or full doses of the YF vaccine in children aged 9-23 months.
- Vaccine-related SAEs were infrequent, and fractional YF dosing demonstrated a favorable safety profile in this pediatric population.
- Findings support the safety of YF fractional dosing in children aged 9-23 months, though the study was not powered to detect rare safety associations.
These videos have been matched automatically. Contact us if they are not relevant.
These videos have been matched automatically. Contact us if they are not relevant.
Related Concept Videos
Overview
Vaccination is the administration of antigenic material from pathogens to confer immunity against a specific microorganism. Vaccination primes the immune system to recognize and mount an immune response faster and more effectively if the real pathogen is encountered. Vaccinations are one of the most efficient ways to protect both individual humans and the general public from disease. A growing anti-vaccination skepticism risks the successes of vaccination programs that helped reduce...
Overview
The ability of a single antibody to recognize multiple structurally similar epitopes is an important immune defense strategy that enables the host to efficiently defend against many potentially threatening pathogens. However, cross-reactivity also elicits allergy symptoms against related allergens. It is increasingly important to understand the principles of cross-reactivity, as antibodies are actively being developed as therapeutic modalities for diverse diseases, including cancer.
In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...