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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Classification of Neural Stem Cell Activation State In Vitro using Autofluorescence
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A latent activated olfactory stem cell state revealed by single-cell transcriptomic and epigenomic profiling.

Koen Van den Berge1, Dana Bakalar2, Hsin-Jung Chou3

  • 1Department of Statistics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

Stem Cell Reports
|January 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Scientists discovered a latent activated stem cell state in the olfactory epithelium. This finding reveals how quiescent stem cells are epigenetically primed for neural regeneration after injury.

Keywords:
adult tissue stem cellepigeneticepigenomicshorizontal basal cellneural regenerationneurogenesisolfactoryolfactory epitheliumolfactory stem cellregenerationsingle-cell ATAC-seqsingle-cell RNA-seq

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • The olfactory epithelium supports lifelong neurogenesis, making it a model for neural regeneration.
  • Studying its stem cells aids understanding of molecular mechanisms driving neural repair after injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify transcriptional and epigenetic factors governing olfactory epithelial stem cell fate during regeneration.
  • To elucidate the molecular basis of injury-induced neural repair in the olfactory system.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell RNA sequencing and ATAC-sequencing were employed.
  • Lineage-traced olfactory stem cells were analyzed for gene expression and chromatin accessibility.
  • Transcriptional and epigenetic profiles were integrated to map stem cell states.

Main Results:

  • Transcriptional heterogeneity was observed among activated olfactory stem cells during fate specification.
  • A subset of resting stem cells showed accessible chromatin near silent genes, indicating readiness for activation.
  • Evidence for a latent activated stem cell state was identified, where cells are epigenetically primed.

Conclusions:

  • Quiescent olfactory epithelial stem cells can exist in a primed, latent activated state.
  • Epigenetic priming facilitates rapid response and regeneration following olfactory injury.
  • This study advances understanding of stem cell plasticity in neural regeneration.