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SUPERA® Cognitive Stimulation Study - effectiveness of a multi-component cognitive stimulation program for
Thais Bento Lima da Silva1, Tiago Nascimento Ordonez2, Gabriela Dos Santos3
1University of São Paulo, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, Department of Gerontology, 1000 Arlindo Béttio Street, São Paulo, SP 03828-000, Brazil; Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Group, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, 255 Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar Avenue, São Paulo, SP 05402-000, Brazil.
Background:
The SUPERA® Cognitive Stimulation program was tested in a randomized, single-blinded, controlled clinical trial to investigate its effectiveness in older adults without cognitive impairment or dementia.
Methods:
A total of 207 participants were randomly assigned to three groups: Training Group (TG), Active Control Group (ACG), and Passive Control Group (PCG). The TG (n = 65) received the SUPERA® Cognitive Stimulation program in 72 weekly cognitive stimulation sessions over 18 months; the ACG (n = 63) received health and lifestyle education; and the PCG (n = 79) received no intervention. Participants were assessed at baseline (T0), 6 (T1), 12 (T2), 18 (T3), and 24 (T4) months (six-month follow-up). Main outcomes included a battery of cognitive performance tests. Additional outcomes included psychological symptoms, quality of life, and self-perceived cognitive functioning. Intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses using Linear Mixed Models were conducted.
Results:
Main outcomes showed significant improvement in Phonemic Verbal Fluency (FAS) in the TG, with evidence of maintenance of effects at the twenty-four-month follow-up. The post-hoc analysis of the composite scores revealed significant time-group interactions favoring the TG for memory, executive function, and global cognition. Specifically, a marked time-group interaction was observed on the FAS in favor of the TG, an effect that was sustained at the six-month follow-up (T4). Furthermore, robust effects were found for subjective cognitive functioning. In this domain, the time-group interaction analysis was consistently favorable for the TG, which reported sustained gains across all follow-up assessments. These findings demonstrate the positive impact of the intervention on objective cognitive performance, and particularly on participants´ self-perceived functioning.
Conclusions:
These findings suggest that an 18-month-long multicomponent SUPERA® Cognitive Stimulation program may represent an effective preventive strategy against cognitive decline among healthy older adults. However, further studies are needed to confirm long-term benefits and to explore the mechanisms underlying the reported improvements.
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