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Treatment Resistant Cancers

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...

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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Intramucosal Inoculation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells in Mice for Tumor Immune Profiling and Treatment Response Assessment

Intramucosal Inoculation of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells in Mice for Tumor Immune Profiling and Treatment Response Assessment

Published on: April 22, 2019

Neoadjuvant Therapy in Resectable Advanced Melanoma: Swiss Real-World Data.

Ann-Kathrin Blumenröther^1,2, Yongxing Fang^1,2, Tamara El Saadany^1,2

¹Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.

|January 10, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy shows effectiveness in real-world melanoma treatment, with safety profiles similar to clinical trials. However, major pathologic response rates were lower in the NADINA real-world cohort compared to the phase III trial.

Keywords:

NADINA SWOG S1801 immune checkpoint inhibition melanoma mucosal neoadjuvant pathologic response radiologic response

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Published on: March 8, 2022

Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunotherapy
Melanoma Research

Background:

Neoadjuvant and perioperative immunotherapy offer improved event-free survival (EFS) for melanoma over adjuvant therapy.
Clinical trials like NADINA and SWOG S1801 show promise, but real-world effectiveness and safety require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the real-world effectiveness and safety of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in advanced, resectable cutaneous or mucosal melanoma.
To assess pathologic and radiologic response, EFS, recurrence-free survival (RFS), and adverse events.

Main Methods:

Retrospective real-world study of 31 patients with stage III/IV melanoma treated with neoadjuvant immunotherapy.
Analysis of treatment protocols including NADINA, SWOG S1801, and ipilimumab/nivolumab combinations.
Primary endpoints included pathologic response (MPR, pPR, pNR), radiologic response (FDG-PET/CT), EFS, RFS, and safety.

Main Results:

Major pathologic response (MPR) achieved in 38% of patients; response rates varied by protocol (NADINA 28%, SWOG S1801 60%, mucosal 33%).
9-month EFS was 77% (NADINA), 74% (SWOG S1801), and 33% (mucosal). Radiologic response correlated with pathologic response (p=0.02).
Grade 3/4 adverse events occurred in 42% of patients, with immune-related colitis, hepatitis, and myocarditis being most frequent.

Conclusions:

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy demonstrates real-world effectiveness and a comparable safety profile to clinical studies.
Lower MPR rates were observed in the real-world NADINA cohort versus the phase III trial.
Further multicenter studies are needed to validate findings and explore response patterns in diverse patient groups and melanoma subtypes.