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Author Spotlight: Polysome Profiling Protocol for Studying Translational Regulation in Arabidopsis Under Heat Stress
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Protein Post-Translational Modifications in Plant Abiotic Stress Responses.

Gengmi Li1, Baohua Feng2, Qian-Hao Zhu3

  • 1Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture/Luzhou Branch of National Rice Improvement Center, Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang 618000, China.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) regulate plant responses to environmental stress without altering protein levels. This review details PTMs like phosphorylation and ubiquitination in heat, cold, drought, and salt stress, offering insights for developing resilient crops.

Keywords:
PTMsSUMOylationabiotic stress responsephosphorylationubiquitination

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Identification of Post-translational Modifications of Plant Protein Complexes
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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Molecular mechanisms of protein regulation

Background:

  • Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) are crucial for plant adaptation to environmental stimuli.
  • PTMs alter protein function, localization, and degradation without changing expression levels.
  • Over two dozen types of PTMs have been identified, with six major types discussed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular mechanisms of major PTMs in plants.
  • To focus on the regulatory roles of PTMs in plant responses to abiotic stresses.
  • To discuss the potential of PTM manipulation for breeding stress-resilient crops.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review summarizing existing research on PTMs in plants.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms of phosphorylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, glycosylation, methylation, and acetylation.
  • Focus on PTMs' roles in heat, cold, drought, and salt stress responses.

Main Results:

  • PTMs regulate plant responses to various abiotic stresses, including heat, cold, drought, and salt.
  • Specific PTMs like phosphorylation and SUMOylation are key in heat stress signaling (e.g., HSFA1).
  • PTMs collectively regulate cold tolerance genes, drought response via SnRK2s and ARF7, and ion homeostasis in salt stress.

Conclusions:

  • PTMs are vital for plant abiotic stress tolerance and ABA signaling.
  • Understanding PTM crosstalk and substrate identification is key for crop improvement.
  • Manipulating PTMs offers a promising avenue for developing crops resilient to environmental challenges.