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Comprehensive Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and
Shooka Mohammadi1, Damoon Ashtary-Larky2, Mahsa Erfanian-Salim3
1Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
Melatonin supplementation significantly improves multiple cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs), including blood pressure and cholesterol levels. However, it does not impact body weight or insulin resistance markers.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Cardiology
- Metabolic Health
Background:
- The precise effects of melatonin on cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) remain unclear, lacking a definitive scientific consensus.
- This study addresses the need for a comprehensive analysis of melatonin's impact on various CMRFs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and conduct a dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
- To evaluate the effects of melatonin supplementation on anthropometric, lipid, glycemic, inflammatory, oxidative, and liver function parameters.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases.
- Included 63 eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to October 2025.
- A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to synthesize the data.
Main Results:
- Melatonin supplementation significantly reduced hip circumference, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, C-reactive protein, malondialdehyde, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and ALT.
- Significant increases were observed in total antioxidant capacity and HDL cholesterol.
- No significant effects were found on body weight, BMI, insulin resistance markers (fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c), triglycerides, or diastolic blood pressure.
Conclusions:
- Melatonin supplementation demonstrates a significant beneficial effect on multiple cardiometabolic risk factors.
- Further research may explore optimal dosing and long-term effects on metabolic health.
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