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Immune Cells in Preeclampsia.
Nathan Campbell1, Marcus Robbins1, Hellen Nembaware1
1Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|January 10, 2026
Summary
Preeclampsia involves pregnancy-induced hypertension linked to chronic inflammation. Immune cells like T cells, B cells, and macrophages contribute to placental and organ damage, suggesting immunotherapy as a potential treatment.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Obstetrics
- Pathophysiology
Background:
- Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized by new-onset hypertension during pregnancy.
- PE is associated with chronic inflammation in the placenta and systemically.
- Placental ischemia in PE triggers anti-angiogenic factors and inflammatory mediators, leading to organ damage.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of the immune system in preeclampsia pathophysiology.
- To explore immune cell involvement in placental and systemic inflammation during PE.
- To identify potential therapeutic targets within the immune system for improved maternal and fetal outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on immune cell function in preeclampsia.
- Analysis of inflammatory mediators and cellular pathways implicated in PE.
- Examination of the contribution of T cells, B cells, Natural Killer cells, and macrophages.
Main Results:
- T helper cells promote chronic inflammation and activate B cells to produce autoantibodies.
- Natural Killer cells shift towards a cytotoxic phenotype, contributing to tissue damage.
- Macrophages polarize to proinflammatory subtypes, exacerbating inflammation and tissue damage.
Conclusions:
- The immune system plays a critical role in preeclampsia development and progression.
- Immune dysregulation contributes to placental, renal, and vascular damage in PE.
- Targeting immune pathways offers a promising strategy for therapeutic interventions in preeclampsia.
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