Modulation of Mast Cell Activation via MRGPRX2 by Natural Oat Extract

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Immunology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor (MRGPR) X2 on skin mast cells triggers inflammatory and hypersensitivity reactions.
• MRGPRX2 activation by various ligands causes mast cell degranulation, mediator release, pain, and itching.
• Plant-derived compounds are explored as MRGPRX2 inhibitors, with oat extract's potential effects uninvestigated.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate whether oat kernel extract can modulate MRGPRX2 activation.
• To explore the inhibitory effects of oat extract on MRGPRX2-mediated mast cell degranulation.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a human LAD2 mast cell line model and primary human mast cells.
• Exposed cells to oat extract and MRGPRX2 ligands (Compound 48/80, substance P, cortistatin 14).
• Assessed mast cell degranulation via β-hexosaminidase and tryptase release, CD63/CD107a expression, and ERK phosphorylation.

Main Results:

• Oat extract did not affect cell viability.
• Significant reduction in MRGPRX2-mediated mast cell degranulation was observed for all tested ligands.
• Reduced release of inflammatory mediators and degranulation markers (β-hexosaminidase, tryptase, CD63, CD107a) and ERK phosphorylation.

Conclusions:

• Oat kernel extract effectively reduces MRGPRX2 activation in mast cells.
• Demonstrates a novel inhibitory capacity of natural compounds on MRGPRX2 signaling.
• Suggests oat extract as a potential therapeutic agent for MRGPRX2-mediated conditions.