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Ecotoxicological Effects of Microplastics on Bird Embryo Development by Hatching without Eggshell
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Microplastics, Endocrine Disruptors, and Oxidative Stress: Mechanisms and Health Implications
Kalman Kovacs1,2,3, Jozsef Bodis1,2,3, Reka A Vass1,2,3
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|January 10, 2026
Summary
Oxidative stress is a key mechanism linking microplastic and nanoplastic exposure to systemic toxicity. These tiny plastic particles, often carrying endocrine disruptors, harm multiple organ systems, impacting public health.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Toxicology
- Public Health
Background:
- Microplastics and nanoplastics are pervasive environmental contaminants.
- They can adsorb or contain endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) like bisphenol-A.
- These contaminants pose increasing risks to human health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of oxidative stress in microplastic and EDC toxicity.
- To examine organ-specific effects and underlying mechanisms.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on oxidative stress pathways.
- Analysis of cellular uptake, ROS generation, and antioxidant defenses.
- Examination of signaling pathways and organ-specific impacts.
Main Results:
- Oxidative stress is a central mediator of microplastic and EDC toxicity.
- Mechanisms include mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired antioxidant defenses.
- Adverse effects observed in reproductive, cardiovascular, hepatic, gut, and neurological systems.
Conclusions:
- Oxidative stress is a pivotal link between microplastic exposure and systemic toxicity.
- Findings have significant implications for public health policy and clinical interventions.
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