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A Rate-Adaptive MAC Protocol for Flexible OFDM-PONs.

Zhe Zheng1, Yingying Chi1, Xin Wang2

  • 1Beijing Smartchip Microelectronics Technology Company Ltd., Beijing 100192, China.

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|January 10, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel Medium Access Network (MAC) protocol for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Networks (OFDM-PONs). The protocol enables flexible, rate-adaptive data transmission, overcoming deployment challenges.

Keywords:
MAC protocolOFDM-PONrate-adaptive

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Area of Science:

  • Optical Communications
  • Network Protocols
  • Telecommunications Engineering

Background:

  • Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Networks (OFDM-PONs) offer high spectral efficiency but face deployment challenges.
  • Existing Medium Access Network (MAC) protocols do not adequately support the flexible, distance-dependent data rates of OFDM-PONs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and validate a novel rate-adaptive, Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)-based MAC protocol for OFDM-PON systems.
  • To address the need for efficient management of heterogeneous data rates in multi-Optical Network Unit (multi-ONU) environments.

Main Methods:

  • Design of a three-layer header frame structure for multi-ONU data scheduling with heterogeneous rate profiles.
  • Implementation of a unique channel probing mechanism for dynamic rate determination during Optical Network Unit (ONU) activation.
  • Hardware implementation of the Optical Line Terminal (OLT) MAC protocol on a Xilinx VCU118 FPGA with a custom ring buffer pool.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated robust upstream and downstream data transmission in OFDM-PON systems.
  • Achieved flexible net data rate switching on the downlink, ranging from 8.1 Gbit/s to 32.8 Gbit/s.
  • Validated the efficient management of multi-ONU data with heterogeneous rate profiles.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed TDM-based MAC protocol effectively supports flexible, rate-adaptive data transmission in OFDM-PONs.
  • The novel header structure and channel probing mechanism enhance multi-ONU data scheduling and dynamic rate adaptation.
  • Successful hardware implementation confirms the protocol's practicality for OFDM-PON deployment.