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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Gain-compensation Methodology for a Sinusoidal Scan of a Galvanometer Mirror in Proportional-Integral-Differential Control Using Pre-emphasis Techniques
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Robust Low-Complexity WMMSE Precoding Under Imperfect CSI with Per-Antenna Power Constraints.

Zijiao Guo1, Vaskar Sen1, Honggui Deng1

  • 1School of Electronic Information, Central South University, Changsha 410004, China.

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|January 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a robust, low-complexity precoding framework (RLC-WMMSE) for massive multi-user MIMO systems. It significantly reduces computational cost while ensuring per-antenna power constraints are met, improving efficiency for future wireless networks.

Keywords:
imperfect CSImassive MU-MIMOper-antenna power constraintsrobust precodingweighted MMSE

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Area of Science:

  • Wireless communication systems
  • Signal processing
  • Optimization algorithms

Background:

  • Weighted sum-rate (WSR) maximization in massive multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) is computationally intensive.
  • Existing weighted minimum mean-square error (WMMSE) algorithms face cubic scaling complexity with base-station antennas.
  • Per-antenna power constraints (PAPCs) and imperfect channel state information (CSI) add significant challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a robust, low-complexity WMMSE-based precoding framework (RLC-WMMSE) for massive MU-MIMO downlink.
  • To address PAPCs and stochastic CSI mismatch efficiently.
  • To reduce the computational burden of WMMSE algorithms in large-scale systems.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of a diagonal dual-regularization scheme for PAPCs enforcement.
  • Utilization of a Woodbury-based transmit update to reduce matrix inversion complexity.
  • Implementation of a hybrid switching mechanism with adaptive damping for enhanced robustness.

Main Results:

  • The RLC-WMMSE achieves WSR performance comparable to benchmark designs.
  • Substantial runtime savings are realized compared to traditional methods.
  • Per-antenna power limits are strictly satisfied under various channel conditions.

Conclusions:

  • RLC-WMMSE offers a practical and scalable solution for massive MU-MIMO precoding.
  • The framework effectively balances performance, complexity, and power constraints.
  • It is well-suited for future wireless sensor and communication networks.