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Nitrates of Synthetic Cellulose.

Vera V Budaeva1, Anna A Korchagina1, Yulia A Gismatulina1

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Summary

Researchers synthesized cellulose nitrate (NC) from a novel synthetic cellulose (SC) precursor, achieving a high yield and improved properties. This work expands cellulose nitration possibilities, offering an alternative to conventional raw materials.

Keywords:
FT-IR spectroscopySEMTGA/DTAX-ray diffractionnitrationsynthetic cellulosesynthetic cellulose nitrate

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Global demand for alternative cellulose sources drives research into synthetic cellulose.
  • Current practices lack synthetic cellulose-derived cellulose nitrates (NCs), highlighting a research gap.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize cellulose nitrate (NC) using a novel synthetic cellulose (SC) precursor.
  • To characterize the properties of SC and SC-derived NC.
  • To investigate the structural and thermal transformations during SC nitration.

Main Methods:

  • Synthetic cellulose (SC) prepared via electropolymerization of glucose with a tungsten-vanadium heteropolyacid catalyst.
  • Nitration of SC to produce SC-derived NC.
  • Characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier-Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Thermogravimetric/Differential Thermal Analysis (TGA/DTA).

Main Results:

  • SC-derived NC synthesized with 138% actual yield, featuring high nitrogen content (11.83%), viscosity (198 mPa·s), solubility (91%), and low ash (0.05%).
  • SEM revealed distinct morphologies for SC (flat, curly fibers) and SC-derived NC (cylindrical fibers).
  • FT-IR confirmed characteristic cellulose and nitrate ester functional groups. XRD showed SC is cellulose Iβ, which amorphizes upon nitration (CrI from 81-86% to 17%).
  • TGA/DTA indicated SC decomposes at 374 °C, while SC-derived NC is thermostable, decomposing at 200 °C with a high specific heat of decomposition (7.74 kJ/g).

Conclusions:

  • Successful synthesis of NC from SC demonstrates a novel pathway for cellulose functionalization.
  • SC-derived NC exhibits promising properties, including thermal stability and high decomposition energy.
  • This research expands the scope of cellulose nitration and provides a viable alternative to conventional cellulose sources.