Exploring Evidence-Based Approaches to Ocular Allergy Among Australian Health Practitioners

Background/Objectives: Ocular Allergy (OA) has profound effects on the quality of life (QoL) and ocular health of affected individuals. This study aimed to survey health practitioners in Australia on their knowledge and practices regarding currently available evidence-based diagnostic, treatment, and collaborative care approaches to OA. Methods: The Survey on Ocular Allergy for Health Practitioners (SOAHP), a validated tool, was distributed to various health practitioners across Australia in 2022. The survey data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact test, and non-parametric tests. Results: A total of 155 participants completed the survey including Allergists/Immunologists (n = 6), General Practitioners (GPs) (n = 29), Ophthalmologists (n = 11), Optometrists (n = 66) and Pharmacists (n = 43). The survey revealed strengths and weakness in health practitioner approaches to OA. In terms of diagnosis, a significant 83.2% of participants were aware that itchy eyes are the hallmark symptom of OA; however, only 67.7% were aware that histamine is what causes the itching. Further to this, 57.4% of participants did not ask about QoL in clinical practice. In terms of management, only 30.3% were aware that some topical allergy eye drops act on eosinophils, and 74.9% were aware of the indications of mast cell stabiliser use. Finally, in terms of collaborative care, 68.4% did not believe there was a clear collaborative care model in Australia. Conclusions: This study revealed patterns in health practitioner approaches to OA. As expected, Ophthalmologists and Optometrists exhibited higher awareness and implementation of evidence-based approaches, compared to GPs and Pharmacists. However, these distinct patterns are likely influenced by differences in training and clinical responsibilities. Nonetheless, all practitioner groups showed gaps in knowledge and evidence-based practices surrounding OA. Thus, educational initiatives are required to ensure best patient-centered care is achieved, with reduced burden on the healthcare system.