Current Perspectives on Endoscopic Nasobiliary Drainage: Optimizing Patient Management and Preventing Complications.

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology and Hepatology
• Interventional Endoscopy
• Biliary Tract Diseases

Background:

• Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) is a key technique for biliary decompression.
• Its efficacy is compared against endoscopic stenting and percutaneous drainage.
• ENBD presents unique advantages and challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current evidence on ENBD indications, techniques, and outcomes.
• To compare ENBD with alternative biliary drainage methods.
• To discuss strategies for complication prevention and future innovations.

Main Methods:

• Narrative review of randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.
• Synthesis of data on clinical outcomes, technical aspects, and patient management.
• Analysis of comparative effectiveness and safety profiles.

Main Results:

• ENBD provides real-time bile monitoring, irrigation, and sample collection.
• Challenges include patient discomfort, tube dislodgement, and maintenance needs.
• Evidence supports ENBD in various benign and malignant biliary conditions.

Conclusions:

• ENBD is a valuable tool for biliary decompression with specific benefits.
• Optimizing ENBD involves addressing patient tolerance and procedural efficiency.
• Further research may enhance ENBD's role in managing biliary obstruction.