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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
255
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
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Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
869
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

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Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
554
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

802
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
802
Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management01:22

Acute Kidney Injury VI: Nursing Management

376
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) results in an inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. Effective nursing management is critical in improving patient outcomes and includes comprehensive patient assessment and targeted interventions.Comprehensive Patient AssessmentA detailed history collection is essential, focusing on any recent infections, nephrotoxic medication use, or chronic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may contribute to AKI. During the physical...
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Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Model for Investigating Kidney Interstitial Fibrosis
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Acute Kidney Injury in Children with Polyuria: A Systematic Review.

Giulio Rivetti1, Mariantonia Braile1, Anna Di Sessa1

  • 1Department of Woman, Child and of General and Specialized Surgery, Università Degli Studi Della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Luigi De Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|January 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) can present with polyuria in children, particularly in cases of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and other conditions. This review synthesizes findings on pediatric AKI and polyuria presentations.

Keywords:
AKIacute kidney injurychildrendiagnosispediatricpolyuria

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) and polyuria in children present diagnostic and management challenges.
  • Understanding the interplay between AKI and polyuria is crucial for pediatric patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize the presentations of AKI in children experiencing polyuria.
  • To identify underlying conditions associated with concurrent AKI and polyuria in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search across Embase, PubMed, and Scopus databases.
  • Inclusion of studies and case reports focusing on pediatric AKI and polyuria.
  • Methodological quality assessment of selected publications.

Main Results:

  • Data from 32 pediatric patients (mean age 11.02 years) were analyzed.
  • Polyuria was present in 26 patients, with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) being the most common associated condition (19 cases).
  • Among 20 patients with polyuria and available data, 9 (45%) developed AKI, with several reaching KDIGO stage 3.

Conclusions:

  • Polyuria can be an integral part of the pathophysiology of AKI in children.
  • A link between polyuria and significant AKI (KDIGO stage ≥ 2) was observed in metabolic disorders like DKA, nephrological conditions such as Bartter syndrome, and oncological cases including neuroblastoma.