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Genetic Risk Scores, Perceived Neighborhood Disorder, and Sleep Duration.

Qiliang He1, Jennifer Zhang2, Elizabeth Parkinson3

  • 1University of Texas at San Antonio, Department of Psychology, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio 78249 TX.

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|January 10, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetic risk scores (GRS) and neighborhood disorder independently affect sleep duration. While a gene-environment correlation exists, no significant gene-environment interaction was found, extending the socioecological model for sleep health research.

Keywords:
gene-environment correlationgene-environment interactiongenetic confoundinggenetic risk scoresneighborhood disordersleep durationsocioecological model

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Genetics
  • Sleep Science

Background:

  • Most research on neighborhood context and sleep health overlooks genetic influences.
  • The socioecological model provides a framework to examine gene-environment interplay.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the independent and joint effects of genetic risk scores (GRS) and perceived neighborhood disorder on sleep duration.
  • To extend the socioecological model by incorporating genetic factors into the study of neighborhood context and sleep health.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized genomic and survey data from 22,575 adults in the All of Us Research Program.
  • Constructed weighted GRS using 78 genome-wide SNPs associated with sleep duration.
  • Employed perceived neighborhood disorder index and wrist actigraphy for objective sleep duration measurement.

Main Results:

  • GRS showed inverse associations with neighborhood disorder and odds of short sleep, and a positive association with continuous sleep duration.
  • Neighborhood disorder was inversely associated with continuous sleep duration and positively associated with odds of short and long sleep.
  • The relationship between GRS and sleep duration remained consistent across varying levels of neighborhood disorder.

Conclusions:

  • Confirmed independent effects of GRS and neighborhood disorder on sleep duration.
  • Identified a gene-environment correlation between GRS and neighborhood disorder.
  • Found no significant evidence of genetic confounding or gene-environment interaction impacting sleep duration.