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Peroxisomes are specialized organelles present in fungi, plant, and animal cells. It can vary in number, size, morphology, and activity depending on the type of tissue and the nutritional state of the cell. For example, cells with active lipid metabolism, such as adipocytes, neurons, and hepatocytes, have more peroxisomes than other cells in the body. Besides their primary role in breaking down complex organic molecules, peroxisomes can also synthesize specific macromolecules and participate in...
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Peroxisome Membrane Protein PEX16 Inhibits Melanogenesis by Inhibiting the Wnt/β-Catenin Signalling Pathway.

Xiaolei Duan1, Yibo Hu2, Chuhan Fu1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.

Experimental Dermatology
|January 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Peroxisomal biogenesis factor 16 (PEX16) inhibits melanin production by reducing melanogenesis. Higher PEX16 expression correlates with lower pigmentation, offering new therapeutic targets for skin disorders.

Keywords:
PEX16Wnt/β‐cateninmelanogenesisperoxisome

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Melanogenesis, the process of melanin production, is crucial for skin pigmentation and is implicated in various skin disorders.
  • Peroxisomes are vital organelles involved in cellular metabolism, but their role in melanogenesis is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between peroxisomes, specifically peroxisomal biogenesis factor 16 (PEX16), and melanin synthesis.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which PEX16 influences melanogenesis and its potential as a therapeutic target for pigmentation disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of omics data and clinical skin samples.
  • Overexpression of PEX16 in MNT1 cell lines and primary melanocytes.
  • Quantitative analysis of melanin content and gene expression (MITF, TYR, TYRP1, DCT).
  • Detection of PEX16 expression in human skin tissues and assessment after UVB irradiation.
  • Investigation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Main Results:

  • PEX16 expression was negatively associated with melanogenesis.
  • Overexpression of PEX16 increased peroxisome production and inhibited key melanogenesis genes (MITF, TYR, TYRP1, DCT).
  • PEX16 overexpression in melanocytes significantly reduced melanin content.
  • PEX16 expression was higher in less pigmented skin areas and decreased after UVB exposure.
  • PEX16 was found to suppress the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Conclusions:

  • PEX16 inhibits melanogenesis by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
  • PEX16 plays a significant role in regulating skin pigmentation.
  • PEX16 represents a potential therapeutic target for managing skin pigmentation disorders.