Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:24

Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

893
The contact of metal and semiconductor can lead to the formation of a junction with either Schottky or Ohmic behavior.
Schottky Barriers
Schottky barriers arise when a metal with a work function (Φm) contacts a semiconductor with a different work function (Φs). Initially, electrons transfer until the Fermi levels of the metal and semiconductor align at equilibrium. For instance, if Φm > Φs, the semiconductor Fermi level is higher than the metal's before contact. The...
893
Types of Semiconductors01:20

Types of Semiconductors

1.3K
Intrinsic semiconductors are highly pure materials with no impurities. At absolute zero, these semiconductors behave as perfect insulators because all the valence electrons are bound, and the conduction band is empty, disallowing electrical conduction. The Fermi level is a concept used to describe the probability of occupancy of energy levels by electrons at thermal equilibrium. In intrinsic semiconductors, the Fermi level is positioned at the midpoint of the energy gap at absolute zero. When...
1.3K
MOSFET: Enhancement Mode01:22

MOSFET: Enhancement Mode

773
Enhancement-mode MOSFETs are pivotal components in electronics, distinguished by their capacity to act as highly efficient switches. They are part of the larger family of metal-oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs). They are available in two types: p-channel and n-channel, each tailored to specific polarity operations.
In their basic form, enhancement-mode MOSFETs are typically non-conductive when the gate-source voltage (Vgs) is zero. This default 'off' state means no...
773
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

4.3K
Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
4.3K
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

11.2K
Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
11.2K
Electrical Synapses01:28

Electrical Synapses

10.1K
Electrical synapses found in all nervous systems play important and unique roles. In these synapses, the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are very close together (3.5 nm) and are actually physically connected by channel proteins forming gap junctions.
Gap junctions allow the current to pass directly from one cell to the next. In contrast, in the chemical synapse, the neurotransmitters carry the information through the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next. They consist of two...
10.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Synergistically Enhancing Light Harvesting and Mechanical Flexibility for Ultra-Flexible Organic Biosensors.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Sulfur-Substituted SAMs Induce Pb─S Antibonding Hybridization for Efficient and Durable Perovskite-Silicon Tandems.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Non-Fullerene Acceptor Photo-Charge Enabled Stretchable Photovoltaic Robustness Under 90% Tensile Strain and 30% Strain Cycles.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same author

Delayed cation dynamics enables dual-doped organic electrochemical transistors with high current sensitivity.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Biomimetic Electrochemical Chip Integrated with Closed-Loop AI for Dynamic Dopamine Decoding and Neuromodulation.

ACS sensors·2026
Same author

Organic Electrochemical Random Access Memory: From Bio-Inspired to Bio-Integrated.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Spray-Coated Melanin/PEDOT:PSS Films for Sustainable Organic Electrochemical Transistors
08:26

Spray-Coated Melanin/PEDOT:PSS Films for Sustainable Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Published on: October 28, 2025

427

An All-Optical-Controlled Synaptic Device Based on an Organic Mixed Ionic-Electronic Conductor.

Minning Wang1, Sen Zhang1, Yuxin Kong2

  • 1State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|January 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed an all-optical-controlled synaptic device (AOCSD) using organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors (OMIECs). This innovation enables passive machine vision hardware by eliminating electrical inputs for reading, writing, and erasing functions.

Keywords:
light-erasinglight-induced ionic-electronic coupling behaviorsoptoelectronic memristorsorganic electrochemical transistorsorganic mixed ionic-electronic conductors

More Related Videos

An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation
10:33

An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation

Published on: February 27, 2019

8.9K
Optical Control of Living Cells Electrical Activity by Conjugated Polymers
10:16

Optical Control of Living Cells Electrical Activity by Conjugated Polymers

Published on: January 28, 2016

7.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Spray-Coated Melanin/PEDOT:PSS Films for Sustainable Organic Electrochemical Transistors
08:26

Spray-Coated Melanin/PEDOT:PSS Films for Sustainable Organic Electrochemical Transistors

Published on: October 28, 2025

427
An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation
10:33

An Electrochemical Cholesteric Liquid Crystalline Device for Quick and Low-Voltage Color Modulation

Published on: February 27, 2019

8.9K
Optical Control of Living Cells Electrical Activity by Conjugated Polymers
10:16

Optical Control of Living Cells Electrical Activity by Conjugated Polymers

Published on: January 28, 2016

7.9K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Optoelectronics
  • Neuroscience Engineering

Background:

  • Machine vision systems rely on converting image signals for measurement and judgment.
  • Optoelectronic memristors offer photodetection, memory, and processing for machine vision.
  • Current optoelectronic memristors face challenges like electrical input needs, complex fabrication, material integration, and high costs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and fabricate a novel all-optical-controlled synaptic device (AOCSD).
  • To overcome the limitations of existing optoelectronic memristors in machine vision applications.
  • To enable passive machine vision hardware with reduced complexity.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a single organic mixed ionic-electronic conductor (OMIEC)-based device.
  • Implementation of three optical-controlled modules for distinct functionalities (reading, light-writing, light-erasing).
  • Demonstration of all-optical control, eliminating the need for electrical signal input.

Main Results:

  • The OMIEC-based AOCSD successfully achieved reading, light-writing, and light-erasing functionalities.
  • Device operation was demonstrated without any electrical input, simplifying programming.
  • The device emulated various visual synaptic plasticity behaviors in an all-optical manner.

Conclusions:

  • The developed OMIEC-based AOCSD offers a promising solution for advanced machine vision.
  • All-optical control significantly reduces system complexity and cost.
  • This technology paves the way for passive, edge-based machine vision hardware.