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3D printed pediatric head phantom for assessing deep epileptic sources localization.

Saeed Jahromi1, Glykeria Sdoukopoulou1, Rupesh Kumar Chikara2

  • 1Neurosciences Research Center, Jane and John Justin Institute for Mind Health, Cook Children's Health Care System, Fort Worth, TX, 76104, USA; Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76010, USA.

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Summary

Magnetic and electric source imaging (ESI/MSI) accuracy for deep brain sources was assessed using a 3D-printed head phantom. MSI showed better accuracy for tangential sources, while both methods struggled with deep radial sources.

Keywords:
3D printingElectric source imagingMagnetic source imagingPhantomSource localization

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Accurate localization of deep brain sources is crucial for diagnosing and treating neurological disorders.
  • Electric Source Imaging (ESI) and Magnetic Source Imaging (MSI) are non-invasive techniques used to estimate neural activity locations.
  • Assessing the accuracy of ESI/MSI for deep brain sources requires realistic phantoms that mimic human head properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the localization accuracy of ESI/MSI for deep brain sources.
  • To compare the performance of ESI and MSI using a realistic 3D-printed pediatric head phantom.
  • To investigate the impact of noise levels and source characteristics on localization accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • A realistic pediatric head phantom was developed with properties mimicking brain, skull, and scalp tissues.
  • Deep brain sources were implanted in clinically relevant locations within the phantom.
  • Localization accuracy of ESI and MSI was assessed using dipole fitting and dynamic statistical parametric mapping (dSPM) across varying noise levels.

Main Results:

  • The phantom successfully generated realistic magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) data.
  • MSI demonstrated superior localization accuracy compared to ESI for deep tangential sources (e.g., insula).
  • Both ESI and MSI faced challenges in localizing deep radial sources, with the thalamus source being particularly difficult.

Conclusions:

  • MSI is more accurate than ESI for deep tangential brain sources.
  • Both ESI and MSI exhibit limitations in localizing deep radial sources.
  • 3D-printed head phantoms are valuable tools for assessing ESI/MSI accuracy and guiding the selection of appropriate neuroimaging methods for clinical applications.