Arctic Insects Show a Highly Dynamic Microbiome Shaped by Abiotic and Biotic Variables

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Ecology
• Entomology

Background:

• Arctic ectotherms face extreme conditions with limited food resources.
• The host-associated microbiome is crucial for adaptation but poorly understood in Arctic ectotherms.

Purpose of the Study:

• Investigate bacterial community dynamics in Arctic insects.
• Determine the influence of abiotic and biotic factors on insect microbiomes.

Main Methods:

• Studied Greenlandic seed bugs (Nysius groenlandicus) and damsel bugs (Nabis flavomarginatus).
• Analyzed bacterial communities under field and laboratory conditions.
• Assessed effects of time, acclimation temperature, humidity, and diet.

Main Results:

• Significant differences in bacterial composition and diversity between species.
• Seasonal variations in bacterial communities linked to climate changes (temperature, humidity).
• Diet altered bacterial composition; prey-to-predator transfer observed.

Conclusions:

• Arctic insect microbiomes are highly dynamic.
• Abiotic and biotic factors modulate insect gut bacteria.
• Microbiome plays a vital role in Arctic insect adaptation and survival.