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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Family Studies

Background:

  • In-person infant-adult co-play develops rapidly, but research on virtual play is limited.
  • Video chat can maintain family connections across distances, yet poses socio-cognitive demands on infants.
  • Understanding virtual play dynamics is crucial for supporting separated families.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine predictors of intergenerational virtual play compared to in-person play.
  • To analyze the frequency, variety, and infant engagement in virtual play sessions.
  • To compare virtual play characteristics with those observed during in-person interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary analysis of longitudinal data from 47 infant-parent-grandparent triads.
  • Naturalistic Zoom video chat sessions and in-person play sessions were recorded.
  • Playful activity type, duration, and infant engagement were coded; growth models were fitted.

Main Results:

  • Infant age was the strongest predictor of play frequency and engagement during video chat.
  • Play repertoire (variety of activities) was significantly greater during video chat than in-person play.
  • Variability in play frequency and engagement was observed across families and sessions.

Conclusions:

  • Digital tools like video chat can enhance intergenerational family relationships and social interactions through play.
  • Virtual play, particularly with its broader repertoire, can be a valuable supplemental activity for geographically separated families.
  • Further research should explore optimizing virtual environments for infant social-cognitive development and family bonding.