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Related Concept Videos

Muscles that Move the Thigh01:20

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The thigh's motion is primarily governed by muscles originating in the pelvic girdle and inserted into the femur. One crucial muscle, the iliopsoas, is a combination of the psoas major and the iliacus muscles, sharing a common insertion point on the lesser trochanter of the femur.
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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
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Spinal Nerves: Plexus II01:21

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The plexuses of the lower body include the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal plexuses, which innervate the abdomen, pelvis, legs, and coccygeal region. These plexuses control the transmission of sensory information and coordinate motor functions of the lower body.
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Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Three-dimensional Navigation-guided, Prone, Single-position, Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion Technique
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The sciatic gliding space.

Karolina Böllinger1, Dina Wiersbicki2, Vaclav Klicnik3

  • 1Institut für Anatomie, Universität Leipzig, Liebigstr. 13, Leipzig 04103, Germany.

Annals of Anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : Official Organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft
|January 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified a distinct anatomical space, the Sciatic Gliding Space (SGS), crucial for sciatic nerve movement. Understanding the SGS aids in diagnosing and treating non-discogenic sciatica and related pain syndromes.

Keywords:
Adductor magnus mini-hamstringDeep Gluteal SpaceFasciaGluteal painGluteal suspension systemLasègue's signSciatic painSonography

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Biomechanics
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Investigates connective tissue enabling sciatic nerve gliding in the deep gluteal and upper limb regions.
  • Aims to enhance understanding of non-discogenic sciatica and inform treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the anatomical gliding space of the sciatic nerve.
  • To explore its role in sciatic nerve mobility and potential relation to pain syndromes.

Main Methods:

  • Macroscopic dissection of 30 human limbs.
  • Methacrylate corrosion casts for visualization.
  • Ultrasound examinations on specimens and healthy volunteers during movement.

Main Results:

  • Identified a C-shaped Sciatic Gliding Space (SGS) bordered by connective tissue folds.
  • SGS extends from the infrapiriform foramen into the proximal thigh, divided by a septum.
  • Sonography confirmed dynamic adaptation during hip rotation; one case showed fibrous tissue suggestive of deep gluteal syndrome.

Conclusions:

  • The SGS is a structured anatomical space facilitating sciatic nerve gliding and vascular supply.
  • Provides an anatomical basis for understanding sciatic pain syndromes.
  • May guide diagnostic and therapeutic strategies using endoscopy and sonography.