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The Blood-brain Barrier00:49

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

A Static Self-Directed Method for Generating Brain Organoids from Human Embryonic Stem Cells
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Vascularised Brain Organoids: Engineering Strategies and Neurobiological Applications.

Yeajin Song1, Hyejin Jo1, Seokchan Jeong1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, South Korea.

Cell Proliferation
|January 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Vascularized brain organoids (vBOs) overcome limitations of traditional models by incorporating blood vessels, improving nutrient delivery and enabling better study of neurological diseases. This advancement offers new opportunities for neuroscience research and drug development.

Keywords:
blood–brain barrier (BBB)neurovascular disease modellingperfusion and microfluidic systemsregenerative medicine and cell therapyvascularized brain organoids

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Brain organoids are crucial for studying neural development and disorders.
  • Conventional organoids lack vascular structures, limiting size and maturation.
  • Vascularization enhances nutrient supply, neurogenesis, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) mimicry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review how vascularization improves brain organoid relevance.
  • To explore methodologies for engineering vascularized brain organoids (vBOs).
  • To discuss the significance of vBOs in disease modeling and therapeutic screening.

Main Methods:

  • Co-culturing with endothelial cells (ECs)
  • Transcriptional programming
  • Tissue fusion techniques
  • Microfluidic perfusion systems
  • 3D bioprinting

Main Results:

  • vBOs show enhanced oxygen diffusion and synaptic development.
  • Improved barrier properties mimicking the BBB.
  • Enabled modeling of stroke, glioblastoma, and BBB dysfunction.
  • Facilitated patient-derived modeling and drug testing.

Conclusions:

  • Vascularization significantly enhances the physiological accuracy of brain organoids.
  • vBOs are powerful tools for modeling neurovascular diseases and personalized medicine.
  • Further innovation is needed to replicate native vasculature complexity and stability.