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Dynamic thumb localization and its adaptation: quantification with a novel robotic task.

Luis Garcia-Fernandez1, Andria J Farrens2,3, Christopher A Johnson2

  • 1Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92617, USA. garciaf7@uci.edu.

Experimental Brain Research
|January 11, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows that dynamic thumb localization, or knowing where your thumb is in space, is not perfectly accurate but can adapt using visual cues. Thumb and index finger localization abilities are related in unimpaired adults.

Keywords:
Hand functionProprioceptive adaptationRobotic evaluationSensorimotor assessmentStroke rehabilitationThumb proprioception

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics
  • Human Motor Control

Background:

  • Proprioception is essential for hand function, but dynamic thumb proprioceptive abilities are not well understood.
  • Quantifying thumb localization and its adaptive capabilities is crucial for understanding hand control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify dynamic thumb localization ability in unimpaired individuals.
  • To investigate how thumb localization adapts to propriovisual rotational perturbations.
  • To compare thumb and index finger localization abilities and their relationship with robotic proprioception assessments.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel robotic task to measure dynamic thumb localization with visual error feedback.
  • Incorporated a propriovisual rotational perturbation to assess adaptation.
  • Varied thumb speed and rotation diameter, and compared index finger performance.

Main Results:

  • Average thumb localization error (Constant Error: -5.9°, Variable Error: 25.2°, Absolute Error: 29.2°) was relatively consistent and not significantly affected by speed or diameter.
  • Reversing thumb rotation caused temporary error increase followed by rapid adaptation, suggesting a body-centered reference frame.
  • Thumb and index finger localization errors were comparable and correlated with a robotic finger proprioception assessment (ρ = 0.61, p = 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic thumb localization is moderately inaccurate but adaptable using visual feedback within a body-centered reference frame.
  • Thumb and index finger dynamic localization abilities are related in unimpaired adults.
  • Findings contribute to understanding thumb proprioception and its role in hand function.