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Updated: Jan 13, 2026

Bioprinting of Hydrogel Tumor Slices as a 3D Model for Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Published on: September 12, 2025
Approaches to the management of relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma: navigating an increasingly complex
Wan Danial Noor1,2, Diego Villa3,4, Chan Yoon Cheah1,2,5
1Department of Haematology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
Introduction:
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) represents a distinct subtype of mature B-cell lymphoma, considered incurable with a pattern of recurrent relapses and suboptimal responses to subsequent therapies that portend poorer prognosis with each recrudescent disease.
Areas Covered:
Covalent and non-covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) have transformed the therapeutic landscape of relapsed/refractory (R/R) MCL as monotherapies though these drug classes may emerge to be more effective as combinations with B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) inhibitors and immunotherapy. Immune-leveraging therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy and T-cell engaging antibodies, are gaining momentum, with the former demonstrating durable responses in a subset of patients, while the latter being evaluated in various combination regimens. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants remain a potentially curative option for selected patients.
Expert Opinion:
This review seeks to navigate this increasingly complex therapeutic landscape while providing a suggested treatment and sequencing algorithm that may be tailored to individual patients.
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