Recognising, managing and reducing the risk of hypoglycaemia in adults with diabetes

Hypoglycaemia, or low blood glucose, is a common and potentially dangerous health condition. It is primarily associated with diabetes mellitus but can also occur in individuals without diabetes due to other health conditions or lifestyle factors. Prompt recognition and treatment of hypoglycaemia are crucial to managing the symptoms and preventing complications. Prevention of further hypoglycaemic episodes in individuals with diabetes requires identifying the underlying causes and risk factors, providing patient education, and careful monitoring of blood glucose levels - in some cases using digital technologies. This article discusses blood glucose regulation and the causes, symptoms and complications of hypoglycaemia. It also explains how nurses can support people to self-manage their diabetes to reduce the risk of further hypoglycaemic episodes. Education, individualised management and effective communication between the patient and healthcare professionals are essential for the provision of optimal care and prevention of adverse outcomes.