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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Overactive Bladder in Diabetic Patients
Xiaolong Zhang1, Zhirong Zhu1, Guiliang Tang1
1Department of Urology, Shaoxing People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Shaoxing University), Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China.
Neurourology and Urodynamics
|January 12, 2026
Summary
Overactive bladder (OAB) affects 30.3% of diabetic patients, significantly increasing their risk. Key risk factors include older age, longer diabetes duration, hypertension, and neuropathy.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Overactive bladder (OAB) is more prevalent in diabetic individuals.
- Growing evidence supports a link between diabetes and OAB.
- Previous studies suggest a higher OAB prevalence in diabetic patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze the prevalence of OAB in diabetic patients.
- To identify potential risk factors associated with OAB in this population.
Main Methods:
- Systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases.
- Meta-analysis of pooled prevalence and odds ratios (ORs) for risk factors.
- Meta-regression to explore heterogeneity sources.
Main Results:
- The pooled prevalence of OAB in diabetic patients was 30.3%.
- Diabetic patients had 3.566 times higher odds of OAB compared to controls.
- Significant risk factors included age (OR=1.03), diabetes duration (OR=1.57), hypertension (OR=1.66), and neuropathy (OR=2.42).
Conclusions:
- OAB is highly prevalent in diabetic patients.
- Age, diabetes duration, hypertension, and neuropathy are significant risk factors for OAB in diabetics.
- Findings inform public health strategies for OAB intervention in diabetic populations.
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