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Vertebral trabecular microarchitecture changes in the normally ageing population.

Chun-Hsiang Chan1,2,3, Hao-Yang Wu2, Li-Heng Chen1

  • 1Department of Geography, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei.

Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery
|January 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Bone strength relies on trabecular microarchitecture, which changes significantly with age and sex. High-resolution CT scans can detect these changes, aiding in fracture risk assessment for older adults.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Radiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Trabecular microarchitecture is crucial for bone strength.
  • Ageing populations experience changes in bone structure.
  • Sex differences in bone microarchitecture are not fully characterized in ageing individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize trabecular microarchitecture in an ageing population.
  • To identify age- and sex-specific changes in vertebral bone structure.
  • To evaluate the utility of multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) for assessing bone microarchitecture.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of MDCT scans from 360 participants (aged 50-80 years).
  • Participants were categorized into sex-matched, 5-year age intervals.
  • Trabecular microarchitecture of the L1 vertebra was analyzed using specialized software.

Main Results:

  • Significant sex differences in trabecular thickness, separation, and number were observed in specific age groups.
  • Trabecular number decreased with age in both sexes.
  • Bone volume, trabecular number, and fractal dimensions generally decreased with age, while thickness and separation increased, with notable sex differences in decline/increase rates.

Conclusions:

  • Vertebral trabecular microarchitecture exhibits significant age- and sex-specific changes.
  • High-resolution CT can detect these architectural alterations.
  • CT-based assessment offers potential for early detection of bone fragility and personalized fracture risk strategies.