Prognostic Differences Between P190 and P210 BCR::ABL1 in Patients with Philadelphia-Positive B-cell Acute...

This study aimed to determine whether p190 and p210 isoforms of BCR::ABL1 in adult patients with Ph + ALL are associated with different survival outcomes and to compare these two groups in terms of prognostic factors. This retrospective multicenter study included adult patients (aged ≥ 18 years) with de novo Ph + B-cell ALL patients. Results of the routine tests specific for this group of patients were retrieved from hospital records. p190 and p210 groups were compared for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and prognostic factors such as age, white blood cell count, response to treatment, relapse after induction therapy, need for transplantation, relapse after transplantation, and mortality rate. Among 44 patients, 59.1% had p190 and 40.9% had p210 isoform. The groups were comparable in terms of the characteristics at diagnosis, and response to treatment and molecular relapse rate. Overall mortality rate was 56.8% and infection was the leading cause of death in both groups. Patients with p190 and p210 isoforms were followed for a median of 20.37 months and 26.5 months, respectively. In patients with p190 and p210 isoforms, the 2-year OS rates were 48.6% and 70.5%, respectively and the 5-year OS rates were 33.3% and 47.0%, respectively; the 2-year PFS rates were 38.2% and 65.3%, respectively and the 5-year PFS rates were 31.9% and 42.3%, respectively. Our results suggest that p190 and p210 isoforms of BCR::ABL1 oncogene in adult pH + B-ALL patients were not significantly different in terms of prognostic parameters and survival outcomes.