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Evaluation of microRNA Expression Profiles as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A
Nishath S Abdul1, Mahesh Shenoy2, Ganiga C Shivakumar3
1Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Oral Pathology, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh 11681, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Background:
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is a leading malignancy with limited early diagnostic markers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising biomarkers due to their regulatory role in cancer pathogenesis.
Objective:
To evaluate the expression profiles of miR-21, miR-155, and miR-375 in OSCC and assess their diagnostic and prognostic potential.
Materials And Methods:
Tissue samples from OSCC patients and healthy controls were analyzed using RT-qPCR for miRNA expression. ROC analysis assessed diagnostic accuracy.
Results:
miR-21 and miR-155 were significantly upregulated, while miR-375 was downregulated in OSCC tissues. ROC curves showed high diagnostic value: miR-21 (Area under the curve [AUC] = 0.89), miR-155 (AUC = 0.86), and miR-375 (AUC = 0.81).
Conclusion:
Differential expression of selected miRNAs suggests their potential as reliable biomarkers for early OSCC detection and prognosis. Integrating miRNA profiling may enhance precision diagnostics in oral oncology.
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