Hybrid Bioprinting for functionally graded tissue engineering constructs with patterned and localized biochemical...

Area of Science:

• Bioprinting and Tissue Engineering
• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Engineering native-mimetic tissue constructs with complex gradients is a significant challenge.
• Existing bioprinting methods often lack the capability to replicate intricate biological and structural features of native tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a versatile bioprinting platform, Hybprinter-SAM, capable of creating complex, functionally graded tissue constructs.
• To demonstrate the system's ability to precisely control mechanical and biochemical properties for enhanced tissue regeneration.

Main Methods:

• Integration of three bioprinting technologies: syringe extrusion (SE), acoustic droplet ejection (ADE), and molten material extrusion (MME).
• Optimization of printing processes and biomaterials for printability, mechanical integrity, and biocompatibility.
• Engineering of multi-material constructs with patterned biochemical signals, such as fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2).

Main Results:

• Hybprinter-SAM successfully created constructs with mechanical gradients spanning seven orders of magnitude in stiffness.
• Precise patterning and localization of biochemical signals were achieved within the printed scaffolds.
• A proof-of-concept bone-tendon regeneration study yielded markers indicative of fibrocartilage development.

Conclusions:

• Hybprinter-SAM is a versatile platform for engineering complex, functionally graded tissue constructs.
• The system's ability to control mechanical and biochemical gradients holds significant potential for diverse tissue engineering applications.
• This technology advances the creation of native-mimetic tissues for enhanced functionality and regeneration.